Course Overview
Very different from what is taught in standard courses, “Fundamentals of Current Flow” provides a unified conceptual framework for ballistic and diffusive transport of both electrons and phonons – essential information for understanding nanoelectronic devices.
The traditional description of electronic motion through a solid is based on diffusive transport, which means that the electron takes a random walk from the source to the drain of a transistor, for example. However, modern nanoelectronic devices often have channel lengths comparable to a mean free path so that electrons travel ballistically, or “like a bullet.”
Verified/Master’s students taking this course will be required to complete two (2) proctored exams using the edX online Proctortrack software. To be sure your computer is compatible, see Proctortrack Technical Requirements.
Nanoscience and Technology MicroMasters ®
Fundamentals of Current Flow is one course in a growing suite of unique, 1-credit-hour short courses developed in an edX/Purdue University collaboration. Students may elect to pursue a verified certificate for this specific course alone or as one of the six courses needed for the edX/Purdue MicroMasters® program in Nanoscience and Technology.
For further information and other courses offered, see the Nanoscience and Technology MicroMasters® page. Courses like this can also apply toward a Purdue University MSECE degree for students accepted into the full master’s program.
What You’ll Learn
- Ballistic and diffusive conductance
- Density of states
- Number of modes
- Conductivity
- Landauer formula

MicroMasters® Program in Nano-Science and Technology
Nanoelectronic devices are an integral part of our life, including the billion-plus transistors in every smartphone, each of which has an active region that is only a few hundred atoms in length. This previously-unimaginable scale has become possible by thoroughly understanding the critical mechanisms that take place at the scale of individual atoms and molecules. Similarly, nanophotonic devices are built into the core of modern life through technologies such as fiber-optic communications, also known as the backbone of the internet.
Prerequisites
Undergraduate degree in engineering or the physical sciences, knowledge of differential equations and linear algebra.
Who can take this course?
Unfortunately, learners from one or more of the following countries or regions will not be able to register for this course: Iran, Cuba and the Crimea region of Ukraine. While edX has sought licenses from the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to offer our courses to learners in these countries and regions, the licenses we have received are not broad enough to allow us to offer this course in all locations. EdX truly regrets that U.S. sanctions prevent us from offering all of our courses to everyone, no matter where they live.
Meet Your Instructors

Supriyo Datta

Shuvro Chowdhury
Meet Your Instructors:

Iain Murray AM

Siavash Khaksar
About MIT Horizon:
MIT Horizon is an expansive content library built to help you explore emerging technologies. Through easy-to-understand lessons, you’ll be guided through the complexities of the latest technologies and simplified expert-level concepts. Designed for both technical and non-technical learners, you can examine bite-size content that can lead to maximum career outcomes.
For a limited time, gain access to the complete MIT Horizon library.
Register today for exclusive entry.
Meet Your Instructors:

Iain Murray AM

Siavash Khaksar
Course Overview
Very different from what is taught in standard courses, “Fundamentals of Current Flow” provides a unified conceptual framework for ballistic and diffusive transport of both electrons and phonons – essential information for understanding nanoelectronic devices.
The traditional description of electronic motion through a solid is based on diffusive transport, which means that the electron takes a random walk from the source to the drain of a transistor, for example. However, modern nanoelectronic devices often have channel lengths comparable to a mean free path so that electrons travel ballistically, or “like a bullet.”
Verified/Master’s students taking this course will be required to complete two (2) proctored exams using the edX online Proctortrack software. To be sure your computer is compatible, see Proctortrack Technical Requirements.
Nanoscience and Technology MicroMasters ®
Fundamentals of Current Flow is one course in a growing suite of unique, 1-credit-hour short courses developed in an edX/Purdue University collaboration. Students may elect to pursue a verified certificate for this specific course alone or as one of the six courses needed for the edX/Purdue MicroMasters® program in Nanoscience and Technology.
For further information and other courses offered, see the Nanoscience and Technology MicroMasters® page. Courses like this can also apply toward a Purdue University MSECE degree for students accepted into the full master’s program.
What You’ll Learn
- Ballistic and diffusive conductance
- Density of states
- Number of modes
- Conductivity
- Landauer formula

MicroMasters® Program in Nano-Science and Technology
Nanoelectronic devices are an integral part of our life, including the billion-plus transistors in every smartphone, each of which has an active region that is only a few hundred atoms in length. This previously-unimaginable scale has become possible by thoroughly understanding the critical mechanisms that take place at the scale of individual atoms and molecules. Similarly, nanophotonic devices are built into the core of modern life through technologies such as fiber-optic communications, also known as the backbone of the internet.
Prerequisites
Undergraduate degree in engineering or the physical sciences, knowledge of differential equations and linear algebra.
Who can take this course?
Unfortunately, learners from one or more of the following countries or regions will not be able to register for this course: Iran, Cuba and the Crimea region of Ukraine. While edX has sought licenses from the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to offer our courses to learners in these countries and regions, the licenses we have received are not broad enough to allow us to offer this course in all locations. EdX truly regrets that U.S. sanctions prevent us from offering all of our courses to everyone, no matter where they live.
Meet Your Instructors

Supriyo Datta

Shuvro Chowdhury
About this course:
Photovoltaic systems are often placed into a microgrid, a local electricity distribution system that is operated in a controlled way and includes both electricity users and renewable electricity generation. This course deals with DC and AC microgrids and covers a wide range of topics, from basic definitions, through modelling and control of AC and DC microgrids to the application of adaptive protection in microgrids. You will master various concepts related to microgrid technology and implementation, such as smart grid and virtual power plant, types of distribution network, markets, control strategies and components. Among the components special attention is given to operation and control of power electronics interfaces.
What You Will Learn:
- Difference between a microgrid, a passive distribution grid and a virtual power plant
- Ancillary services provided by microgrids and PV
- Operation of centralized and decentralized control, forecasting, and evaluation of different market policies through a case study
- Operation of active power control and voltage regulation
- Different layouts and topologies of microgrids and power electronic components, and the role of power electronics converters in microgrids
- Microgrid protection, adaptive protection, and the consequences of using a fault current source and fault current limitation
- Main motivations and challenges for the implementation of DC microgrids
- Verified learners will have the added benefit of evaluating different strategies to control multiple inverters and to analyze local control to improve stability.
Prerequisites
- Bachelor’s degree in Science or Engineering and/or the successful completion of PV1xPV2xand PV3x (or firm grasp of their content).
- In order to carry out the assignments in the course, you will need to install a free software which requires a 64-bit computer, 4 GB ram and 5-6 GB of hard-drive space.
- Operating systems supported: Window 7 or newer, OSX 10.10 (Yosemite) or newer, Ubuntu 14.04 or 16.04.

MicroMasters® Program in Solar Energy Engineering
Master the technical knowledge needed for a career in solar energy
Meet Your Instructors:

Seyedmahdi Izadkhast

Laura Ramirez

Pavol Bauer
About this course:
In this course you will learn how to turn solar cells into full modules; and how to apply full modules to full photovoltaic systems.
The course will widely cover the design of photovoltaic systems, such as utility scale solar farms or residential scale systems (both on and off the grid). You will learn about the function and operation of various components including inverters, batteries, DC-DC converters and their interaction with both the modules and the grid.
What You Will Learn:
- How to design a PV system ranging from a residential rooftop system to a utility scale solar farm taking in to account:
- The effects of the position of the sun and solar irradiance on PV module performance Components of a PV system:
- PV modules, inverters, DC-DC converters, batteries, charge controllers and cables
- The economics and impact on the grid of PV systems
- Audit learners can develop their skills and knowledge in relation to the above learning objectives by having access to the video lectures, a limited number of practice exercises and discussion forums.
- Verified learners are offered a number of study tools to demonstrate they have mastered the learning objectives. They will have access to all exercises: practice, graded and exams.
Prerequisites
- Bachelor’s degree in Science or Engineering and/or the successful completion of PV1x and PV2x (or firm grasp of their content).

MicroMasters® Program in Solar Energy Engineering
Master the technical knowledge needed for a career in solar energy
Meet Your Instructors:

Olindo Isabella

Ravi Vasudevan
About this course:
The technologies used to produce solar cells and photovoltaic modules are advancing to deliver highly efficient and flexible solar panels. In this course you will explore the main PV technologies in the current market. You will gain in-depth knowledge about crystalline silicon based solar cells (90% market share) as well as other emerging technologies including CdTe, CIGS and Perovskites. This courseprovides answers to the questions: How are solar cells made from raw materials? Which technologies have the potential to be the major players for different applications in the future?
What You Will Learn:
- Design concepts and fabrication processes of various photovoltaic technologies, In-depth knowledge on the entire crystalline silicon solar cell landscape including, Market-leading polycrystalline based cells
- High efficiency/cutting edge monocrystalline based solar cells
- Application of thin film solar cells, like CIGS, CdTe, thin-film silicon, Perovskites, Concentrated PV and space applications for III/V semiconductor based solar cells.
- Audit learners can develop their skills and knowledge in relation to the above learning objectives by having access to the video lectures, a limited number of practice exercises and discussion forum.
- Verified learners are offered a number of study tools to demonstrate they have mastered the learning objectives. They will have access to all exercises: practice, graded and exam questions.
Prerequisites
- Bachelor’s degree in Science or Engineering and/or the successful completion of PV1x (or firm grasp of its content).

MicroMasters® Program in Solar Energy Engineering
Master the technical knowledge needed for a career in solar energy
Meet Your Instructors:

Arno Smets

Miro Zeman

René van Swaaij
About This Course:
In this course you will gain access to two final exams. The first exam covers the content of PV1x and PV2x, and the second exam covers the content of PV3x and PV4x. For each exam you are given two attempts. You will be given exam preparation material to help you prepare.
The exams are offered in the format of proctored exams. To read more about proctored exam and to review the technical requirements, review the edX’s help pages.
What You Will Learn:
- The various methods of converting solar energy into electricity, heat and solar fuels
- The physical working principles of photovoltaic conversion in solar cells
- How to recognize and describe the various solar cell technologies, their current status and future technological challenges
- How to analyze the performance of solar cells and modules How to design a complete photovoltaic system for any particular application on paper
Prerequisites:
- Basic knowledge of physics and mathematical skills, such as integration and differentiation, are preferred.

MicroMasters® Program in Solar Energy Engineering
Master the technical knowledge needed for a career in solar energy
Meet Your Instructors:

Arno Smets

Miro Zeman

René van Swaaij

Olindo Isabella
About this course
Want to learn how your radio works? Wondering how to implement filters using resistors, inductors, and capacitors? Wondering what are some other applications of RLC and CMOS circuits? This free circuits course, taught by edX CEO and MIT Professor Anant Agarwal and MIT colleagues, is for you.
The third and final online Circuits and Electronics courses is taken by all MIT Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) majors.
Topics covered include: dynamics of capacitor, inductor and resistor networks; design in the time and frequency domains; op-amps, and analog and digital circuits and applications. Design and lab exercises are also significant components of the course.
Weekly coursework includes interactive video sequences, readings from the textbook, homework, online laboratories, and optional tutorials. The course will also have a final exam.
This is a self-paced course, so there are no weekly deadlines. However, all assignments are due when the course ends.
What You Will Learn
- How to construct and analyze filters using capacitors and inductors
- How to use intuition to describe the approximate time and frequency behavior of second-order circuits containing energy storage elements (capacitors and inductors)
- The relationship between the mathematical representation of first-order circuit behavior and corresponding real-life effects
- Circuits applications using op-amps
- Measurement of circuit variables using tools such as virtual oscilloscopes, virtual multimeters, and virtual signal generators
- How to compare the measurements with the behavior predicted by mathematical models and explain the discrepancies

XSeries Program in Circuits and Electronics
Prerequisites
You should have a mathematical background of working with calculus and basic differential equations, and a high school physics background in electricity and magnetism. You should also have taken Circuits and Electronics 1 and Circuits and Electronics 2, or have an equivalent background in basic circuit analysis and first order circuits.
Frequently asked questions
Where can I buy the textbook for this course?
You may purchase the physical textbook or its ebook from Elsevier. An online version of the book will also be accessible for free to students who upgrade to the verified certificate track in the course.
Will the text of the lectures be available?
Yes, transcripts of the video lectures in the course will be made available.
Do I need to watch the lectures live?
No, you can watch the lectures at your leisure.
I don ‘t have the prerequisites, can I still take the course?
We do not check students for prerequisites, so you are certainly allowed to try. However, the course does rely on previous experience with the material in Circuits and Electronics 1 and Circuits and Electronics 2. If you do not know these subjects before taking the course, you will have to learn them in parallel with the new material.
Who can take this course?
Unfortunately, learners from one or more of the following countries or regions will not be able to register for this course: Iran, Cuba and the Crimea region of Ukraine. While edX has sought licenses from the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to offer our courses to learners in these countries and regions, the licenses we have received are not broad enough to allow us to offer this course in all locations. EdX truly regrets that U.S. sanctions prevent us from offering all of our courses to everyone, no matter where they live.
Meet Your Instructors

Anant Agarwal

Gerald Sussman

Piotr Mitros

Chris Terman

Bonnie Lam
Testimonials
About This Course:
This course from MIT’s Department of Materials Science and Engineering introduces the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, solid state physics, and electricity and magnetism. We use these principles to describe the origins of the electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of materials, and we discuss how these properties can be engineered to suit particular applications, including diodes, optical fibers, LEDs, and solar cells.
In this course, you will find out how the speed of sound is connected to the electronic band gap, what the difference is between a metal and a semiconductor, and how many magnetic domains fit in a nanoparticle. You will explore a wide range of topics in the domains of materials engineering, quantum mechanics, solid state physics that are essential for any engineer or scientist who wants to gain a fuller understanding of the principles underlying modern electronics.
What You’ll Learn:
- Discover the quantum mechanical origins of materials properties
- Explain the origin of electronic bands in semiconductors
- Learn the operating principles of solid state devices such as solar cells and LEDs
- Understand the materials physics that underlies the optical and magnetic behavior of materials

XSeries Program in Materials for Electronic, Optical, and Magnetic Devices
Discover the materials and devices that power our modern world
Prerequisites:
Differential and Integral Calculus University-level Electricity & Magnetism Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering, or a knowledge structure and bonding in solid state materials.
Who Can Take This Course?
Unfortunately, learners from one or more of the following countries or regions will not be able to register for this course: Iran, Cuba and the Crimea region of Ukraine. While edX has sought licenses from the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) to offer our courses to learners in these countries and regions, the licenses we have received are not broad enough to allow us to offer this course in all locations. EdX truly regrets that U.S. sanctions prevent us from offering all of our courses to everyone, no matter where they live.
Meet Your Instructors:

Polina Anikeeva
